The discipline of Civil Design addresses a wide range of sub-disciplines: Environmental Engineering (applying scientific and engineering principles based on the benefit of the environment, as a way to provide healthy air, land and water appropriate for habitation by human beings along with other organisms); Municipal/Urban Engineering (a discipline engaged with municipal infrastructure and involves designing, constructing, and looking after urban installations such as pavements, streets, sewers and even street lighting) and even Coastal Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering (the discipline concerned with the conveyance and flow of fluids, particularly water and sewage and concerning the construction and designs of canals, dams and bridges) and Earthquake Engineering (the research about how buildings and structures act when put under seismic pressure and looking into the possible consequences of strong earthquakes on urban buildings).
However, civil designers work closely with surveyors and specialist civil engineers in order to carry out fixed projects in their given terrain, community or site, such as designing drainage systems, pavements, water supplies and sewer services. Because of the fact that general civil designers spend the majority of their working day on location, general civil engineering is also known as site engineering (a branch of civil engineering which mainly concentrates on converting a particular area of land in order to meet a different sort of purpose).
Civil Design is also essential to the professional business of electrical and architectural designers. Designers such as these recognise the importance of civil and structural design services if they want to be able to offer a complete design service for their customers. For example, an electrical design business may be asked to design the foundations for a huge Electrical Transformer including the rebar schedule. If this was the case, employing civil designers would allow the company to finish all aspects of design without outside help.
Appointing civil designers in their company allows the electrical and architectural design companies to provide several different services such as designing site layouts, foundations, rebar schedules; conducting building condition assessments plus structural accurate calculations as well as completing topographical and geotechnical site investigations and surveys.
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